PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome) is a metabolic illness that causes hormonal imbalances in women during their reproductive years (between ages 12 and 51). Females may skip menstrual cycles, have irregular ovulation making it challenging to get pregnant, and experience abnormal hair growth on the body and face, which can lead to heart disease and diabetes in the long run. PCOS is a severe medical disorder that needs immediate medical care or surgical treatment.

Many women have PCOD/PCOS but are unaware of it. The following symptoms impact ovulation and the ovaries:

Cysts in the ovaries

Male hormone levels have risen.

Periods that are skipped or irregular

PCOS Factors

Although it is unknown exactly how PCOS affects women, the following are some major factors:

Excess insulin production: Excess insulin levels in the body may enhance androgen production (a male hormone that is very low in females), causing ovulation difficulties.

Excess androgen production: The ovaries produce excessive androgen hormones, which can cause acne and hirsutism (hair growth on the face and body)

PCOS Diagnosis

 PCOS is characterized by physical manifestations that impair bodily systems and can be identified by blood tests and imaging. The gynecologist will ask about medical history, eating and drinking habits, and any prescription or over-the-counter medications, including vitamins and supplements, depending on symptoms such as irregular periods, unwanted male-pattern hair growth on a woman’s chest, face, and back, acne, or thinning of scalp hair.

A gynaecologist may offer the following tests to diagnose PCOD or PCOS:

Pelvic examination

Blood testing

Ultrasound imaging

Anxiety and depression screening

Obstructive sleep apnea screening (OSA)